A modern beehive is like a highly-efficient multi-storied factory. Each story (layer) has a specific function. These layers work together to provide a home for the bees and a honey factory for the beekeeper.

Successful beekeeping requires easy manipulation of the frames of brood and honey. The beekeeper wants to provide a surplus of honey beyond that needed by the bees to live on and rear their replacements. It is this surplus that the beekeeper removes and markets. If the beekeeper removes too much honey, the bees will not have enough to eat and will die.